Essay about Descartes’ Cogito - 1542 Words

Descartes’ Cogito It is the purpose of this essay to examine both Descartes’ Cogito argument and his skepticism towards small and universal elements, as well as the implications these arguments have on each other. First, I will summarize and explain the skepticism Descartes’ brings to bear on small and universal elements in his first meditation. Second, I will summarize and explain the Cogito argument, Descartes’ famous â€Å"I think, therefore I am† (it should be noted that this famous implication is not actually something ever said or written by Descartes, but instead, an implication taken from his argument for his own existence). Third, I will critique the line of reasoning underlying these arguments. Descartes attacks†¦show more content†¦Descartes attacks the possibility of certainty with regards to the existence of small and universal elements with the possibility of our thoughts being altered by an omnipotent deceiver. In paragraph nine, he states, â€Å"How do I know that he did not bring it about that there be no Earth at all, no heavens, no extended thing, no figure, no size, no place, and yet all these things should seem to me to exist precisely as they appear to do now.† His point is that this omnipotent evil deceiver could create in our minds an understanding of mathematics and logic that is at odds with reality, causing us to construe everything wrongly. Thus Descartes ends this final and devastating doubt with the preliminary conclusion that everything he perceives can be called into doubt. Descartes answers his seemingly hopeless skepticism from the first meditation with the Cogito. The basic point of his Cogito argument is that for me to either perceive awry, or even to doubt my own existence, I must exist. It is, as Descartes says, â€Å"’I am, I exist’ is necessarily true every time it is uttered by me or conceived in my mind (Med2, par3).† He makes two arguments for the Cogito in his second meditation. Descartes arrives at the Cogito through the notion of an omnipotent deceiver actually. He starts to question his ownShow MoreRelatedThe Cartesian Cogito By Rene ÃÅ'  Descartes1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cartesian Cogito In â€Å"Meditation Two† of Meditations, Objections, and Replies, ReneÃŒ  Descartes argues that we cannot doubt our own existence. Descartes’s Cogito argument is actually stimulated by the â€Å"numerous† â€Å"false opinions† (9) in â€Å"Meditation One†, which he believed true in his youth but now doubts and attempts to attack through his own writing. Descartes’s doubts involve three stages. The first doubt concerns sense illusion. In other words, Descartes formerly maintained that we obtained truthRead MoreDescartes Cogito Ergo Sum And Ontological Arguments1833 Words   |  8 Pagesshow that Descartes’ cogito ergo sum and ontological arguments both rely on the method of doubt and follow from the premise that essence implies existence. The cogito ergo sum is different from the latter one, however, from the fact that it did not contain the premise regarding the cause and effect of an idea having objective reality. The main problem with this argument is that while essence and existence were said to be inseparable, it does not happen to be the case. First of all, Descartes’ cogitoRead MoreDescartes’ Cogito Argument Successfully Shows the Evil Demon Argument is Unsound888 Words   |  4 PagesDoes Descartes’ Cogito argument successfully show that the Evil Demon Argument is unsound? In this essay I will attempt to show that the philosopher, Renà ¨ Descartes’ Cogito Argument successfully proves the Evil Demon Argument to be unsound. By an analysis of the structure of the arguments and what they prove, I will show the evil demon argument to be unsound. An argument is unsound when the premises as false and the argument is invalid. This analysis of both structure and content will eventuateRead MoreDescartes s Cogito Ergo Sum 1488 Words   |  6 PagesDuring Meditations 2, Descartes establishes a version of his famous ‘cogito ergo sum’. He establishes that despite the fact that we may not know the world around us as well as we think we do, we can know the mind better and the trusting the mind can lead him to the seemingly justified conclusion that he exists. Descartes’ method of arriving at the conclusion is by starting from scratch and considering whether there could be any ground of doubt for his beliefs. He was a rational philosopher who gaveRead MoreDescartes s Theory Of Skepticism And The Cogito1469 Words   |  6 PagesDescartes’s Project Rene Descartes was a philosopher that lived from 1596 to1650. In Meditations of First Philosophy, Descartes leaves the reader with two main themes: skepticism and the cogito. In this paper, I will be examining Descartes’s writings. Mainly, what Descartes’s project consisted of, skepticism, the arguments he gave as means to his project, and the cogito. In doing so I will explain how he left the reader with the two important philosophical notions of skepticism and cogito. The first thingRead MoreDescartes Meditations On First Philosophy1318 Words   |  6 PagesJordan Kriegel Basic Philosophical Questions November 2, 2017 Cogito Ergo Sum Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy and his questioning of our existence in reality is a question which philosophers have tackled throughout time. Cogito ergo sum or I think therefore I am, a phrase brought about by Descartes is the backbone of his whole philosophy of our existence in reality. As long as we are thinking things, we exist. When we look at this approach to our existence we must first deny that any sensoryRead MoreEssay on Renà © Descartes759 Words   |  4 PagesRenà © Descartes Renà © Descartes was a French philosopher and also mathematician. His method of doubt led him to the famous cogito ergo sum when translated means I am thinking, therefore I exist. This cogito was the foundation for Descartes quest for certain knowledge. He explored doubt and how we can prove our own existence, by taking the first steps of scepticism. His book Meditations On First Philosophy, was written in six parts. EachRead MoreDescartes Mind and Body1480 Words   |  6 PagesDescartes’ Mind Body Dualism Rene Descartes’ main purpose is to attempt to prove that the mind that is the soul or the thinking thing is distinct and is separate from the body. This thinking thing was the core of himself, which doubts, believes, reasons, feels and thinks. Descartes considers the body to be an extended unthinking thing; therefore it is possible that one may exist without the other. This view is known as mind-body dualism. He believes that what he is thinking in his mind is what GodRead MoreThe Meditations On First Philosophy By Rene Descartes916 Words   |  4 Pages The Meditations on First Philosophy by Rene Descartes is a thorough analysis about doubt. Descartes describes his method of doubt to determine whether he can truly know something. One of his major arguments is the proof of the existence of God. In this paper, I will attempt to unravel the flaws in Descartes proof that God exists. In the meditations, Descartes evaluates whether or not everything we know is a reality or a dream. Descartes claims that we can only be sure that our beliefs are trueRead MoreAnalysis Of Rene Descartes s Meditations On First Philosophy 1399 Words   |  6 PagesEssay 1 Rene Descartes was born in in La Haye, France, in 1596 and he studied at La Fleche Jesuit College and University of Poitiers. Descartes also lived in Germany, Holland and Sweden. He then worked in the army as a private councillor and then as a court philosopher. Descartes book ‘Meditations on First Philosophy’ was first published in 1641. The edition used to write this essay was edited by John Cottingham and was published by the Cambridge University Press in 1996. Descartes was the first

Slavery Is Not Extinct Slavery - 1904 Words

Hemberry 1 Nataleigh Hemberry Honors English 10 Period Seven 10 March, 2016 Slavery Is Not Extinct Slavery, the keeping of slaves as a practice or institution, has held a grim but important role in America’s history. Since the founding of the United States, slavery has been a moral and human rights issue that citizens have argued over to the point of war. To most Americans, the day slavery ended was January 1st, 1863-the day President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation and freed all slaves within America’s borders. However slavery never did end-and is in fact at an all time high as of 2016. Despite the ban on slavery over one hundred and fifty years ago, slavery and human trafficking,especially for sexual exploitation, are still an issue and still exist in the United States. Slavery, as aforementioned, is the keeping of slaves as a practice or institution, but what many do not know about that goes hand in hand with slavery is human trafficking-the illegal transportation of humans for forced labor or sexual exploitation. Traffickers nowadays are often pimps-men who control prostitutes and arrange clients for them (while keeping profit for themselves), or just that-traffickers who buy and sell women, children, and even men to pimps and handlers globally. One hundred and fifty three years ago amidst a civil war, President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation, stating that: Hemberry 2 ...any and all persons held as slavesShow MoreRelatedSlavery Is Not Extinct : Slavery1562 Words   |  7 Pages Slavery Is Not Extinct Slavery, the keeping of slaves as a practice or institution, has held a grim but important role in America’s history. Since the founding of the United States, slavery has been a moral and human rights issue that citizens have argued over to the point of war. To most Americans, the day slavery ended was January 1st, 1863-the day President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation and freed all slaves within America’s borders. However slavery never did end-andRead MoreSlavery Is Not Extinct : Slavery1905 Words   |  8 PagesMarch, 2016 Slavery Is Not Extinct Slavery, the keeping of slaves as a practice or institution, has held a grim but important role in America’s history. Since the founding of the United States, slavery has been a moral and human rights issue that citizens have argued over to the point of war. To most Americans, the day slavery ended was January 1st, 1863-the day President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation and freed all slaves within America’s borders. However slavery never did end-andRead MoreSlavery On The Islands Of The Caribbean890 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery has existed throughout history and has yet to become fully extinct. Slavery is when someone else (human) has ownership of another human. In the ancient world slavery was very popular and not perceived as something wrong. The main source of slaves was prisoners of war. Slavery become a cycle, a slave’s children also became slaves and so on, it was hereditary. Some people sold their children or themselves into slavery to escape starvation. As society became more advanced, slavery became a hugeRead MoreEssay about The Injustice of Slavery: A Peoples Resistance870 Words   |  4 Pages The Injustice of Slavery: A people’s resistance nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The history of the United States is filled to the brim with an abundance of significant events. Over the course of this nation’s young history there have been numerous social institutions. Many have been a necessity in our development. However, the US was home to one of the greatest atrocities committed on mankind. The institution of slavery is not only the most embarrassing but most sever infraction on the natural rightsRead MoreThe Civil War Of The United States1270 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome divided down the middle over slavery, a mainstay that helped the economic growth of this country? As the northern states population grew and expanded westward their anti-slavery beliefs began to spread faster than the pro-slavery beliefs of the southern plantation owners. This influx of an anti-slavery population began to use the senate as a platform to question the use of slavery, causing the southern elitists to strengthen their defenses in support of slav ery. Many southerners feared theirRead MoreMississippi History: Indian Removal Act, 13th Amendment, and Reverend George Lee655 Words   |  3 Pageschanges, and writers. Indian Act Removal Act, 13th Amendment, and Reverend George Lee played a big impact Mississippi current status. The Removals of Indians increased the Europeans power and lessened the Indian population. The 13th Amendment abolished slavery. Reverend George Lee was shot down for urging blacks to vote. All these contributed to Mississippi History. The Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830. The act authorized him to negotiate with the NativeRead MoreA Fundamental Rule Of Networks1093 Words   |  5 Pagesnew crops in different climates. Crops like wheat came from Europe and spread through the America’s and domestic animals like pigs, cattle, and horses. This shift in landscape was eminent in the Caribbean islands, where many indigenous animals went extinct along with the native people of the Island. Pigs, rats, sugarcane , coffee, and slave populations became the new inhabitants of the Caribbeans. The Columbian exchange influenced a networking world and simulated global commerce.Many of the world’sRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln s Presidency1589 Words   |  7 PagesCivil War. During this time, slavery was one of, if not the top main issue in the United States. Lincoln was very outspoken on his views of slavery, what he wanted to happen, and what he did not want to happen with the institution. One of the main points that Lincoln makes throughout his series of speeches and letters is that slavery is in fact a moral issue. He describes slavery as a social, moral and political wrong, and places a large emphasis on the morality of slavery. Lincoln describes his beliefsRead MoreDefending Slavery1997 Words   |  8 PagesCritical Analysis on Defending Slavery, Finkelman Paul Defending slavery demonstrate the opinions and knowledge that the Southerners held concerning blacks and slavery. Paul Finkelman talks about slave legitimacy in colonial America. He argues that the first defense of slavery became visible after the end of American Revolution; it attempted to justify continuous forced labor with the Declaration of Independence. This essay aims at critically analyzing ideologies and racial theories that SouthernersRead MoreThe Murder Of Robbery Of A Jewelry Store Essay1116 Words   |  5 Pagesyoung lawyers like you willing to watch us boring old men argue. May I ask your name?† â€Å"William Wade, sir, Norse for traveler. Do you reckon you might have any free time? I’ve heard you enjoy debating, and I’d like to practice. On the topic of slavery.† He said bluntly, like it is casual conversation. I was surprised to find myself considering it. It really was not a subject I felt strongly about. I always assumed there was just nothing to be done about it, the South wanted their slaves, I did

E-Business Systems Report

Question: As a group you need to choose and propose e-business of your choice, approved by your local lecturer (or course coordinator for distance students). So please discuss your proposal with you teacher in advance. This group assignment relates to your understanding of the technological infrastructure and functional requirements of a small to mid-size e-business and to allow you to demonstrate your ability to research, analyse, synthesise and evaluate, and specify the requirements of a proposed e-commerce website in a report. You are required to use at least 12 sources including 6 academic to write a high quality report. It is expected that you will demonstrate your learning, integration and incorporation of the knowledge that you have acquired during this course to produce a high quality e-business report. Answer: 1. Introduction 1.1 Introduction All the e-commerce business are not same as per their overall business perspective. There are so many types of business are present in the E-business industry and all of them follows a distinct methodology to run their business over electronics medium. In this project of Ecommerce Website implementation is done over a cloud platform. To achieve the functionality Joomla content management system integrated along with the cloud services. Using of content management system over a cloud space to achieve the E-business system functionality provide a successive deployment wizard of web development. The main orientation of this project is to create an E-business module over a cloud. 1.2 Aim of the proposed E-Business Solution The fundamental objective or target of this anticipate to a fuse a substance administration framework over a cloud stage and use this joint effort as an ecommerce stage for the proposed site ishoper. Another objective which is likewise connected to the same project is to make a social medium between the proposed site and online networking so they can expand their business development. For new era web arranged business association, it is important to make a motion over the online networking for making self-personality of their association. For accomplishing the essential target of a fruitful ecommerce business association, it is important to command the second alternative of social joining. 1.3 Objective of the proposed E-business Solution As an ecommerce site, it is clear that there is a boundless open door for their purposeful business publicity, yet there is additionally some constraint which is connected with the business joining which can make a gigantic impact on innovation combination. Some of these resemble business to the client relationship, Loyalty administration program, and so forth. Ecommerce business association "ishoper" Is a business association which serves their client from a remote area, so it is vital to keep up their organization standard as industry tenets and directions. 1.4 Report and its Limitation The essential goal of this report made a rundown of the proposed site and broke down their particular capacity so the client of the site can recognize the usefulness of "Ishoper" site. In any case, this documentation has some constraint over the portrayal of the site. There such a large number of things which are executed on "Ishoper" Website like segments and modules are difficult to portray on a paper report. The down to earth work which is done because of configuration and improvement of the site is not likewise ready to recording in an exact director in light of the fact that reasonable work is entirely unexpected from a hypothetical work. In the hypothetical methodology of improvement coherently there is no issue connected with the task execution however in genuine advancement, there are such a variety of issues are shows up amid the advancement of the undertaking. 2. Background E-Business Proposal The selected E-business is based on online shopping and it will focus on selling the shoes. The shoes sold will be in many different from. This concept is based on the shoes store providing access to a lot of peoples from a global scale. The shoes will be delivered through the courier service. E-Business Strategies The whole venture depends on the improvement of an ecommerce application on a cloud framework. As an advancement of a site on a cloud stage the essential cloud, incorporation should be PASS or stage as an administration yet utilizing of cloudaccess as a facilitating supplier it will end up being a less demanding undertaking. Cloudaccess facilitating supplier in Joomla mix over each facilitating enlistment, so the capacity of this Cloud base goes about as SAAS or programming as an administration. 3. Discussion 3.1 Proposed E-business Model An e-trade model is an inferred approach which is structures by consolidating four key ways to deal with business usage. These are recorded beneath- The concept of E-business Policy: This property of the business is utilized to characterize the standard and way to deal with the business combination. In a brief portrayal, it can be said that the E-business idea is a standard which takes after business objectives and goal to keep up the general part of an association. In the improvement of proposed site "Ishoper" takes after Business to customers approach. Value proposition factor: Value proposition variable manages the noteworthy administrations of ishoper site which are served for the site clients. A portion of the quality recommendation variable which makes an immediate effect in client's psyche are cost viability, quickest conveyance, and adaptable return strategy. Revenue services: It is a remarkable part of any association for gathering cash from various sources. Every wellspring of salary is entirely identified with organization resource administration. As an ecommerce site, "Ishoper" has distinctive chances to gain income from various sources. Some the sources resemble a commercial, computerized membership, and so forth. Project Activities: The last practical unit of ecommerce which in a roundabout way related with ecommerce framework is business exercises. Business practices are reclaimed the market introduction in straightforward occurrences. Limited time occasions, Sales are the well-known practices for ecommerce specialty unit. 3.2 Proposed E-Business Marketing Product Online shoe selling is a new concept for a business organization. Shows are use regular basis. Before buying a shoe, peoples like to review the product price, colour quality and other things. These all are available in online shopping website. Visitors can compare the shoes price, colour, quality and also can check the reviews. Anyone can access this website via internet from everywhere and any time. Therefore, it is profitable for the e-store shoes. This will help to attract a large number of shoe lovers. Pricing The consumers are attracted to the concept of low pricing. The concept is good quality product in very low price. It is noted that the customers prefer low prices on products and even take a chance on making the purchase if the price seems feasible. The pricing strategy used will be based on providing the lowest prices in the e-commerce market for selling different type of shoes. According to many researcher, the low price strategy gain more customer and also its inspire the customers to make more purchase. This pricing strategy will help in sustaining the business. Therefore, the marketing of the website will be done using online advertising, promoted through social media networks and the pricing strategy adopted will be a low pricing strategy. Promotion E-Marketing is a determined type of E-business where gadgets business stage uses to accomplish organizations advertising approach. E-promoting arranges the showcasing exercises over the single stage to carry out their business goals. There are a few focal points of E-advertising present in the field of ecommerce business introduction. E-advertising makes an outskirt in the middle of organization showcasing target which is performed through an electronic medium. E-advertising lessens the general expense of promoting strategy by using unique car generation instruments. The quicker reaction to the customer ask for, and regular data gathering are the useful favourable position of E-promoting strategy. It likewise expanded the level of communication amongst consumer and business association. Place There is a serious increment in the quantity of individuals who have turned out to be expressively open about web shopping and the numbers have been expanding around the world. It was additionally noticed that the top retail stores are online stores and have been introducing an understanding into the productivity of building up online stores and directing online business. In this manner, the foundation is online and the acknowledgment that the web is a generally visited platform has helped in tolerating clients on the web. Furthermore, it is directing the business through the internet. 3.3 Proposed E-Business Infrastructure An e-business base depends on upon web administrations which are learned to give unmistakable administrations to the diverse space of Ecommerce application. Essentially Infrastructure for an ecommerce application is to give the asset to equipment and programming advancements. In this anticipate of ecommerce site improvement, there are an excessive number of programming and equipment administrations used to encourage the site usefulness. Hardware and software requirements Each product application needs an equipment setup to convey their whole usefulness which is additionally appropriate for this ecommerce site. Be that as it may, this site an incorporated cloud stage for its organization so administrator need not stress over any equipment prerequisites. All the prerequisite will be upheld by the facilitating administration supplier. The fundamental necessity rundown of this improvement accompanies the prerequisite of software administrations according to site organization usefulness. As like hardware necessity software requirements likewise ordered into two classes. One is customer side, and anther is server side. According to the utility component, customer side will require least programming support work this site, however, designer side (server side) needs the most reasonable reliance to build up this site. Hardware requirements (developer side) Hardware Devices Configuration Processor 1.7 GHZ to 2.5 GHZ CPU frequency Memory 2 GB DDR2 Random Access Memory Module Physical Storage 250 GB Display 1024x786 PPI Display Adaptor Hardware requirements (Client side) Hardware Component Usability Ratio Processor 1 GHZ to 1.7 GHZ CPU frequency Memory 1 GB DDR2 Random Access Memory Module Physical Storage 80 GB Display 1024x786 PPI Display Adaptor Software requirements (Developer side) Software Component Usability Ratio PHP 5.5 MySQL Database 3.x Apache Web server 1.3 x Joomla Content Management system 3.x Software requirements (Client side) Software Component Usability Ratio Browser IE 9 above, Firefox 14 above, Chrome 20 above. Project related resource requirements In the development of "ishoper" website, there are three sorts of criteria should be coordinated for building up an ecommerce business association. These are electronic contact, gadgets office, and expert system. For obtaining Electronics contact, the underlying stride is securing Internet access from an Internet organization supplier, for instance, a connection or telephone association. The accompanying step is to get an email area, which will be the guideline motivation behind contact for customers, dealers, and several business accomplices (Stahl et al. 2013). The principle procurement is to make personality over the business zones with the goal that anybody can discover any insights about the "Ishoper" association. Once the little e-business visionary has obtained an electronic strategy for contact, they ought to settle on a computerized system by which to offer their items or services. A sequence of the build way to deal with doing this is to develop a unique site (Vassiliki et al. 2016). Association's website gives a depiction of the affiliation and its things, allowing them to make purchases in the midst of their visit, either online or by calling to converse with a live illustrative (Yan 2013). A site is an excellent course for a business to be stamped. A substitute strategy for electronic office space is utilizing the organizations of long range casual correspondence and Internet offering destinations (Plummer 2013). Case in point, a little e-business person may use a free Twitter or blog page to showcase the organization's usefulness. So also, they may offer things through another online retail space worked by outsider Shopping website. 3.4 Proposed E-Business Payment System E-Commerce or Electronics Commerce communities use electronic division where programmed part suggests paperless cash related trades. The electronic part has bothered the business taking care of by diminishing printed material, exchange costs, work value (Brown 2014). Being straightforward and less dull than manual taking care of helps the business relationship to expand its business division achieve/improvement. Credit card payment gate way: This payment gateway is an essential technique for electronic exchange. MasterCard is one of the most used credit cards over the web. A magnetic material is attached to this card for making initializing the entire transaction process (Severdia and Gress 2014). After buying an item through credit card, it sends an acknowledgment signal to its connected banking account and after getting the authorization for client its grant access the bank account. Internet money wallet: Internet e-money wallet is a successive technology of modern days internet commerce (Patnaik and Mishra 2015). Using of E-money wallet user can recharge their account by a particular account from Ishoper website. If the user wants to buy some item, then they can use their e-money wallet for paying their shopping bills (Alasandi and Hadagali 2013). E-money wallet is a revolutionary technology which reduces the overall complexity of banking process of money transaction. Internet banking: Internet banking is another flexible method of business transaction for making a successful payment over a web interface. Net banking facility one of the most prominent technologies. Where user can just enter their net-banking credential to authorized their payment process (Rohm, Rohm and Brown 2014). After initializing the payment process, the central server of banking organization sends an automated alert signal with an automated pin for double verification. If the user-provided PIN is matched with a server-generated password, then payment process will be set as a successful transaction. Internet banking is another flexible process of banking transaction for making a successful payment over web interface. Using of net banking facility one can just enter their own net-banking user credential to authorized their payment process (Shreves 2013). After initializing the payment process central server of banking organisation send an automated alert signal with an automated pin for double verification (Nadiri 2013). If the user provided PIN is matched with server generated password then payment process will be set as successful transaction. 3.5 Legal, Security and Privacy issues in E-business E-business issues: After the mid-90s E-business is marketplace is boomed, and practically every retail showcased their product on their shopping sites. With the mystery of the Internet, its considerably troublesome for a buyer understand or know the loyalty of the organization (Ghorecha and Bhatt 2013). For an E-business group, it is necessary to keep their commitment and authenticity of product to their customers. Legal issues: -- Organizations entering the e-commerce world will confront another arrangement of moral difficulties (Tiggeler 2013). It is simple for organizations to end up derailed the particular challenges of working problem and give careful consideration to the ethical consequences. Ethical issues also implicate the moral issues which can be disturbed our society and its environment (Nigam, Saxena and Gupta 2015). As an example, E-business can sell any item to any if some restricted items like wrong medicine or sleeping pills then its could be a viable practice for any E-business organization. Apart from all any business organization need to display their product selling terms and condition to protect their usability function towards online customers. Security issue:-- There are a couple of security problem that happens when setting an E-Commerce site, particularly when taking care of touchy data, for example, transaction data and individual points of interest, for instance, address (Priefer, Kneisel and Taentzer 2016). Numerous parts will need to be secured well including correspondence between the client and the site server for attempting to capture data or from attempting to recover existing data from databases. And security between the shopper and server there is anti-hacking module required on the server side also, particularly if delicate data is put away under clients records. Servers will be secured to withstand any hack effort to fetch the data that is put away (Payne and Fego 2014). Counteractive action measures, for example, firewalls, checking for root packs, antivirus frameworks, and others security module need to be set up, and also encryption of the information of need to be picked up in the section for protecting confidential data. Privacy Issues: -- Making of online exchange has been turning out to be rapid since the 90s, and verging on each retail operation of any size has a web page for the offer of its items. With the mystery of the Internet, in any case, it's amazingly troublesome for a buyer to know honestly and trust the trader. On the off chance that you're getting incorporated into e-business, from either end of the game plan, recollect that some important business ethics. 3.6 Benefits of Proposed E-Business Prototype Website Solution The ishoper site has the much potential quality to expand the development of a business association. Above all else site's robotized and essential item administration unit make an extraordinary redirection in the middle of customary E-business showcasing and content management based e-business promoting. This site additionally has the usefulness to oblige the various sellers to account so they can without much of a stretch track their particular data. 4. Conclusion and Recommendation 4.1 Conclusion CMS (content Management system) based e-trade give colossal adaptability towards its designer for speedier and brisk execution of any model. It additionally expanded the proficiency level of any ecommerce generation. Aside from some other substance administration framework Joomla permits more security towards its client. So it is apparent that the site has numerous new edged practical module to amplify an ecommerce business development. 4.2 Recommendation Using of Content administration framework for an e-business stage is especially receptive however all the substance administration framework accompanies absolute constraint which makes a bottleneck amid extension of the site highlights. Joomla content management framework likewise has multifaceted advancement nature than other prominent material administration frameworks like Magneto or WordPress. So it will be better if the framework relocates to WordPress or Magneto like substance administration framework. References Alasandi, B.B. and Hadagali, G.S., 2013. Joomla, A Viable CMS Platform in Developing a Library Website: A Case Study of Bharatesh's Global Business School Library.Indian Journal of Library Information Science,7(2). Brown, C., 2014. 41 Best Premium Joomla Templates. Ghorecha, V. and Bhatt, C., 2013. A guide for selecting content management system for web application development. Nadiri, I., 2013. Web Design using Joomla CMS: Module Development using jQuery for Joomla CMS. Nigam, K., Saxena, S. and Gupta, N., 2015. An Analysis on Improvement of Website Ranking Using Joomla.IITM Journal of Management and IT,6(1), pp.69-72. Patnaik, R. and Mishra, M.K., 2015, January. Role of Content Management Software (CMS) in libraries for information dissemination. InEmerging Trends and Technologies in Libraries and Information Services (ETTLIS), 2015 4th International Symposium on(pp. 117-121). IEEE. Payne, L. and Fego, Z., 2014. Develop a Website Using CMS Joomla: Design and Develop a Website Using Content Management System Joomla. Plummer, T., 2013.Learning Joomla! 3 Extension Development. Packt Publishing Ltd. Priefer, D., Kneisel, P. and Taentzer, G., 2016, May. JooMDD: A model-driven development environment for web content management system extensions. InProceedings of the 38th International Conference on Software Engineering Companion(pp. 633-636). ACM. Rohm, M.S., Rohm Jr, C.E. and Brown, H., 2014. Discovering a Joomla Exploit for Possible Malware: Social Engineering and a PHP BASE64 GIF Exploit.Communications of the IIMA,11(1), p.5. Severdia, R. and Gress, J., 2014.Using Joomla!. " O'Reilly Media, Inc.". Shreves, R., 2013.Joomla! bible(Vol. 814). John Wiley Sons. Stahl, O., Duvergey, H., Guille, A., Blondin, F., Vecchio, A.D., Finetti, P., Granjeaud, S., Vigy, O. and Bidaut, G., 2013. Djeen (Database for Joomla!s Extensible Engine): a research information management system for flexible multi-technology project administration.BMC research notes,6(1), p.223. Tiggeler, E., 2013.Joomla! 3 beginner's guide. Packt Publishing Ltd. Vassiliki, G., Sioutas, S., Tsakalidis, A., Tzimas, G. and Viennas, E., 2016. Design reuse in the conceptual schema of CMSs: A pattern-based evaluation approach.Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,51, pp.97-108. Yan, C., 2013. Build tourism e-commerce website with Joomla.Electronic Test,6, p.071.

Teenage Smoke Addiction

Cigarette smoking is one of the areas that have been of concern to the society for a long time now. Efforts are always being made to curb cigarettes smoking with emphasis being laid on the health concerns of smoking. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Teenage Smoke Addiction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The advice seems to be falling on deaf ears as evidence from statistics continue to show high prevalence of people who smoke and are unable to quit the habit. What is causing even further worries is that the addiction is reported in the teenagers too, contrary to the common assumption that smoking addiction is evident in the adults. Teenagers are also faced with similar issues that come with addiction as adults. Statistics indicate that among the 20-50% teenagers who are addicted to smoking attempt to quit but the success rates still remain relatively low with only a third fully quitting smoking. Smoki ng addiction in adults has been attributed to starting smoking at the teenage years. A large number of teens are reported to be experimenting with smoking everyday marking their start of smoking with the numbers of those who start smoking daily across the world going up to over 80,000. Male teenagers register higher numbers of those who smoke than their female counterparts. Due to the constant reminders that come with campaigns on the dangers of smoking, teens have been said to register high numbers of those who make efforts to quit than the adult smokers. Smoking amongst the teenagers start gradually before elevating to addiction levels. Several reasons have been pointed out as influencing the teen’s decision to smoke. One of them is which is a common phenomenon is picking the habit from a close friend or friends who smoke. The company that the young people associate with form major influences to their behavior. This is because young people are not fully developed to exact ly discern what is considered bad by relying on the information they are given by the adults but rather depend on their follow peers to decide their course of behavior. Another reason driving teenagers to smoking is the curiosity to just try it. Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Young people are at age where their form of learning is experiential and therefore easily tend to want to try something to get a feel of it, this way many teens have ended up being hooked on smoking. Teenagers are usually at the adolescent age where conformity and appeal to fellow peers is gauged on ones ability to be ‘cool’. Many teenagers have therefore resulted to smoking as they seek to derive the coolness from it only to end up with the habit. The situation in the homes is not helping salvage the situation either. Many parents who smoke do so in front of their teenage kids prompting the children, who derive inspiration from the adult parents, to pick up the habit too. The fact that their parents do smoke gives them the impression that it is not a bad thing per say (Wang 10). Another factor that has led to many teens picking up a habit of smoking is seen in the way the media has shifted its target to the youthful generation. Cigarette manufacturing companies have resulted to target teenagers when doing the marketing of the tobacco products. Market research in the tobacco industries have led them to that all important discovery that most adults who are hooked on smoking started smoking when they were teenagers. This has driven them to engaging in rigorous marketing campaigns targeting the youths in their teens. Another discovery by the tobacco industry players that fueled their efforts is the realization that they were loosing a relatively big number of smokers by quitting and others to deaths related to smoking. This has led them to stepping up their efforts in a bid to lure more people into using their product to compensate the numbers lost. Different brands are being manufactured with attention being placed on their youthful appeal since most people choose their loyal brand during their teenage years (Canadian Lung Association 6). The tobacco companies have resulted to various tactics to lure the teens into smoking. The media has been the widely abused tool in their bid with movies stars being displayed when smoking hence appealing to the youths. Various tobacco companies have been known to go into the extent of paying huge amounts to have famous actors smoke their brand in the movie acts. In TV advertisements, various companies have used cartoon figures that are well known to the teens hence relatively increasing their sales to the youth population. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Teenage Smoke Addiction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Tobacco compani es also introduce offers as promotional strategies with the samples being products that appeal to the teenagers and calling on them to smoke as many cigarette packets to qualify for the promotion offers. Companies have come up with ways to make the art of smoking appear to be cool. TV programs that are famous with teens, like The Simpsons, have shown most of the characters including the young smoking (Wang 10). In the attempts to deal with the problem of smoking amongst teenagers, focus has been directed to fighting them from starting smoking. This has led to a major neglect on the issue of smoking addiction amongst the teenagers since addiction is mostly considered a problem associated with the adult population. The teenagers themselves do not consider addiction as a problem that can affect the youths, therefore when it becomes a reality it hits the by surprise. This has also been attributed to the fact that most studies done have dealt with the addiction problem by explaining the chemical element which is nicotine, the psychoactive problem and the step by step process that one goes through to end up with an addiction problem. These elements have no inclination to concepts that can be understood by teens to deter them from smoking and eventually addiction. Addiction problem is usually mentioned when we are considering the attempts to quit smoking. This is dominantly looked at as an adult issue thereby ignoring addiction amongst the teenagers. Some experts have offered advice that has hindered steeping up efforts to fight addiction amongst the teens arguing that making them aware that one can be permanently addicted to smoking might give them ideas to make lame excuses as to why they don’t want to quit smoking quoting that they are addicted. Young people in addition still have unrealistic ideas concerning the problem of addiction despite being armed with the general information on the dangers of addiction. Teens sometimes like to refer to their condit ion as having reached addiction levels while the real pharmacological nicotine dependence has not taken place. They therefore continue smoking and even increase the smoking frequency quoting the same reason following the knowledge that addiction is a possibility hence conditioning their minds to adjust accordingly. Teen smokers also pick up smoking and make it a habit while arguing that they will easily quit smoking with ease when they decide to. They downplay the seriousness of smoking addiction thinking it is just easy to drop smoking but eventually end up addicts. Failure of the teenagers to believe in the concept of addiction amongst young people as a reality is highly attributed to the studies conducted and information available concerning addiction which fails to include the scope of teenage brackets making smoking addiction seem like an adult problem primarily. Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The available statistics have shown reality on the ground as displaying the results that are totally different from the common misconceptions. Truth is that the issue of physical dependence on nicotine, otherwise known as smoking addiction, is a reality amongst the teenagers as it is in adults. Despite the facts that adults addicts total up to twice those of teen addicts, the same dangers and problems associated with smoking, addiction and attempts to quit smoking are similar across both age brackets. Smoking is said to cause two dozens of illnesses with a majority of them leading to serious health problems. Smoking is the leading cause of cancer which among the top killer illnesses all over the world (Riordan 12). As more and more teenagers start smoking, a substantial number of the smokers, totaling to three quarters, make attempts to quit smoking addiction but eventually fail. This is a real morale killer for the young people since their hopes to stop the habit when they wish d oesn’t occur leaving them with much regrets. In addition to having the sense of helplessness and regrets, the young people also experience the withdrawal effects that come with the attempts to quit smoking. Withdrawal symptoms include; irritability, loss of concentration, anxiousness, dizziness, hunger, insomnia among others. The withdrawal symptoms persist for several weeks or even months. Most teens that make attempt experience these symptoms and have a hard time successfully going through that period during which they feel a strong urge to smoke. Most of them are unable to cope with the symptoms and end up falling back to smoking again. The bid to come up with the right methods to fight addiction amongst the teens usually takes a keen understanding of the factors that lead to smoking first. These as noted earlier are mostly as a result of some sort of influence from an external source to fulfill some inner quest which may be caused by pressure to stay relevant. These caus es basically can be classified broadly as resulting from the struggles that come with the teenagers going through the adolescent phase in life. During this time, the teens listen to their age mates more than they do to the adults. This increases the probability to pick up smoking habit. Their physiological developmental phase also plays part in the habit elevating to addiction levels. At this stage in life they usually possess higher levels of emotional urges to take to something like smoking than they do possess the ability to resist and self control. They therefore end up taking up to smoking and are unable to fight the habit and end up being addicted (Cyprus Mail International Daily 2). Programs to fight addiction may therefore take the path of stopping the teens from taking up smoking habits in the first place. This includes designing programs that are conducted by experts, teachers or even parents. The contents are educating on the dangers of smoking while highlighting the di seases, the dependency, and death. The statistics seeking to show recently collected facts can also be used to create a clear picture of how serious the issue is. Upon being armed with the knowledge, the teenagers will want to stay away from picking up the habit to escape the dangers. The education may also be coupled with a real interaction with cancer patents so as to create a real picture of the intensity and instill a sense of fear. This is because young people easily comprehend by visual aspects as opposed to figuring the logic in theory aspects or the statistics. The fear effect may also be brought out in the sense of altering facts presented to the teens. Information offered to them maybe altered to read that addiction happens immediately one starts smoking. This way they will be deterred from starting (Hampton 3). Apart from programs that seek to reverse picking up the smoking habit, it is important to appreciate the prevalence of addiction amongst the teenagers and theref ore consider programs that specifically help those with addiction problem. These include a step by step support program for guiding them through the quitting process and supporting them during the experiences with withdrawal symptoms. This way a problem that has been ignored for long will be solved by a great margin. Addiction may also be fought by tactics that seek to delay the time teens experiment with smoking. This is based on known facts that most people who become addicts start smoking at early ages when the dangers of smoking are not easy to comprehend. Playing around with such programs that seek to prevent onset of smoking may prove helpful in teenagers not taking to smoking hence no addiction and in the long run saving lives that would have otherwise be lost from ailments related to smoking. In conclusion, realizing that almost all cases of addiction are as a result of smoking from an early age may play a big role in preventing such cases. The onset of smoking habit has a lso been said to be an influencing factor to teens taking into abusing other drugs. This increases the chances of loosing a lot of lives and hence the need to delay the stage of experimenting with smoking. Works Cited Canadian Lung Association. Smoking Tobacco, 28 Sept. 2006. Web. Cyprus Mail International Daily. Dangers of Smoking Must be Highlighted. 9 July. 2002. Web. Hampton Scott. Prevention of Teenage Smoking in Local Area Schools. Developmental Psychology, 12 Sept. 2006. Web. Riordan Meg. Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids. 14 Dec. 2009. Web. Wang Chunhong, Henley Nathan and Donovan Robert. Exploring Children’s Conceptions of Smoking Addiction. Health Education Research. 1 March. 2004. Web. 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